Psychology MCAT Practice Exam

According to the humanist perspective, what is essential for achieving self-actualization?

1. Unconditional positive regard from parents

2. Strict discipline during childhood

3. Socioeconomic stability

4. A focus on cognitive growth

The correct answer is: Unconditional positive regard from parents

The concept of self-actualization is central to humanistic psychology, particularly in the works of Abraham Maslow. According to this perspective, self-actualization is the process of realizing and fulfilling one's potential and capabilities. Unconditional positive regard, which refers to accepting and valuing an individual without conditions or limitations, plays a critical role in this process. When individuals receive unconditional positive regard, particularly from significant figures such as parents, they are more likely to develop a strong sense of self-worth and are better equipped to pursue their personal growth and aspirations. This acceptance enables them to freely explore their abilities, talents, and interests, facilitating the journey toward self-actualization. In contrast, strict discipline may hinder an individual's self-exploration and can create a fear of failure, making it more challenging to achieve personal goals. Socioeconomic stability, while important for many aspects of life, is not explicitly tied to the psychological development necessary for achieving self-actualization under the humanistic perspective. Similarly, while cognitive growth is valuable, the emotional and relational components of unconditional positive regard are emphasized more strongly in facilitating self-actualization.